Standard Guide for Determination of the Bioaccumulation of Sediment- Associated Contaminants by Benthic Invertebrates'
نویسنده
چکیده
1.1 This guide covers procedures for measuring the bioac,cumulation of sediment-associatid contaminants by infaunal .invertebrates. Marine, estuarine, and freshwater sediments are a major sink for chemicals that sorb preferentially to particles, 'such as organic compounds with high octanol-waterpartitioning coefficients (KO,) (for example, polychlorinated ,biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)) -and many heavy metals. The accumulation of chemicals into .whole or bedded sediments (that is, consolidated rather than suspended sediments) reduces their direct bioavailability to pelagic organisms but ikreases the exposure of benthic organisms. Feeding of pelagic organisms on benthic prey can reintroduce sediment-associated contaminants into pelagic food webs. The bioaccumulation of sediment-associated coutaminants by sediment-dwelling organisms can therefore result ih kological impacts on benthic and pelagic communities and human health from the consumption of contaminated shellfish
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